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US Topo Maps (Topographical Maps)
USGS and Delorme US Topo Maps

By Kathleen Crislip, About.com

Topographical maps, or topo maps, are a must for back country travelers, whether you be hiking and camping or out for a four wheel drive adventure.

What Are Topo Maps?

According to www.map-reading.com: "A unique characteristic that distinguishes topographical (topo) maps from other kinds of maps is the fact that they show the topography or shape of the land in addition to other features such as roads, rivers, lakes, etc. Because topographical maps show the shape of the land, they are the most suitable type of map for most outdoor activities that take place in areas that are not heavily populated."

How Do I Use Topo Maps?

Learn how to read and use topo maps in a free e-book before you head off into the wilds in search of deserted dirt roads, isolated campsites, hiking trails, rivers and lakes. Recognize and understand:
  • Symbols and colors
  • Grids
  • Scale and distance
  • Direction

You should also learn to use a compass in order to effectively use a topo map; several good books exist that will teach you how to read a compass with lots of topo map and GPS (Global Positioning System) instruction thrown in.

    Compare Prices Compass use books

Find US Topo Maps and Gazetteers

  • Gazetteers are bound books that divide states into topo maps quadrants; gazetteers are filled with valuable road and terrain info. Great couch reading and planning tool (Delorme currently makes the best gazetteers).
      Compare Prices US gazetteers by state
  • National Geographic Trails Illustrated - US topographic recreational maps -- buy online.
  • USGS (United States Geography Survey) maps - view online or print out, or order from several partner companies who offer specialized maps, aerial maps, photo images and more.
  • Detailed info on reading USGS topo maps.
  • Mapping software with ingenious features. Plot your hike, camping trip or backpacker adventure on your computer or GPS.

    The Bottom Line

    The first time I tried to read a topo map, I was hopelessly baffled because I was looking at it through a driver's eyes - where were the main highways to give me my bearings? Oh, there...those tiny lines. And gazetteers were doubly confusing as one must skip from, say, page 83 to page 104 to find connecting quadrant borders. Once you learn to read a topo map, however, it's a snap to figure out where you want to go and, perhaps most importantly, how to get out of the back country if you become lost. (Never forget Rule Number One: always tell someone where you're going.)

    "When we get out of the glass bottle of our ego and when we escape like the squirrels in the cage of our personality and get into the forest again, we shall shiver with cold and fright. But things will happen to us so that we don't know ourselves. Cool, unlying life will rush in..."
    --D. H. Lawrence
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